@article {4215, title = {Breathing in vitro: Designs and applications of engineered lung models}, journal = {Journal of Tissue Engineering}, volume = {12}, year = {2021}, pages = {20417314211008696}, abstract = {

The aim of this review is to provide a systematic design guideline to users, particularly engineers interested in developing and deploying lung models, and biologists seeking to identify a suitable platform for conducting in vitro experiments involving pulmonary cells or tissues. We first discuss the state of the art on lung in vitro models, describing the most simplistic and traditional ones. Then, we analyze in further detail the more complex dynamic engineered systems that either provide mechanical cues, or allow for more predictive exposure studies, or in some cases even both. This is followed by a dedicated section on microchips of the lung. Lastly, we present a critical discussion of the different characteristics of each type of system and the criteria which may help researchers select the most appropriate technology according to their specific requirements. Readers are encouraged to refer to the tables accompanying the different sections where comprehensive and quantitative information on the operating parameters and performance of the different systems reported in the literature is provided.

}, keywords = {aerosol exposure, fluidic systems, in vitro models, Lung models, stretching systems}, author = {Nossa, Roberta and Costa, Joana and Cacopardo, Ludovica and Ahluwalia, Arti} } @article {3235, title = {A bi-articular model for scapular-humeral rhythm reconstruction through data from wearable sensors}, journal = {JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION}, volume = {13}, year = {2016}, pages = {1{\textendash}13}, keywords = {Hand posture estimation, Reaching activity, Scapular girdle movement, Scapular-humeral rhythm, Wearable sensing}, doi = {10.1186/s12984-016-0149-2}, url = {https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-016-0149-2}, author = {F. Lorussi and N. Carbonaro and D. De Rossi and A. Tognetti} } @article {2896, title = {A bioreactor with an electro-responsive elastomeric membrane for mimicking intestinal peristalsis}, journal = {Bioinspiration \& Biomimetics}, volume = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

This study describes an actuated bioreactor which mimics the pulsatile contractile motion of the intestinal barrier using electro-responsive elastomers as smart materials that undergo deformation upon electrical stimulation. The device consists of an annular dielectric elastomer actuator working as a radial artificial muscle able to rhythmically contract and relax a central cell culture well. The bioreactor maintained up to 4 h of actuation at a frequency of 0.15 Hz and a strain of 8\%{\textendash}10\%, to those of the cyclic contraction and relaxation of the small intestine. In vitro tests demonstrated that the device was biocompatible and cell-adhesive for Caco-2 cells, which formed a confluent monolayer following 21 days of culture in the central well. In addition, cellular adhesion and cohesion were maintained after 4 h of continuous cyclic strain. These preliminary results encourage further investigations on the use of dielectric elastomer actuation as a versatile technology that might overcome the limitations of commercially available pneumatic driving systems to obtain bioreactors that can cyclically deform cell cultures in a biomimetic fashion.

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